Saturday, November 24, 2018

Ensuring our students are literate across disciplines


I particularly enjoyed this reading because it brought up a lot of great ideas to get students thinking, but also hit close to home. Buehl brings up interesting points when approaching reading. “Doing reading” versus “using reading.” It’s ironic because so often in classes I dreadfully think to myself, “Ugh I have to do the reading this week and I completely forgot,” or “I don’t feel like doing the reading.” Not once have I thought, “I’m excited to be using this reading in class.” Of course, texts have made me think and I enjoy engaging with them and use them often, but I think words and how we formulate our thoughts have big power. I know I should work to change my thinking, but we too must change our students thinking. More than what Buehl suggests. We can teach students to engage and question texts, but how do we ensure this is happening outside the classroom? I understand changing their thought processes is a lot of work, but I think we need to go above and beyond and ensure students use this thinking outside of class. Some may say it will come naturally over time, as it did for many of us. But I believe we must tell our students they are “using the reading” as opposed to “tonight’s assignment we will be doing a reading.” How we word things with students is extremely important.
Our wording in our questions also makes a huge impact as Buehl argues we must teach our students to use essential questions, and not rely so much on our leading questions to get us through a discussion. Obviously, you want students to come to certain conclusions and may need to lead our students along the way, but you want your students to be doing the heavy lifting. That being said, I also found it interesting that in Chapter 5 Buehl claims that there are certain reading styles in every discipline. Essentially stating you should know what to look for and that you don’t have to close read everything. He even goes further in the reading and claims it would have been more helpful in mathematics to close read as opposed to the reading style he chose to approach in his philosophy and history classes. Obviously disciplinary experts approach reading in certain ways but isn’t it even more interesting to think about reading in this way. It appears Buehl is saying, “you don’t need all the information, just the information that is most helpful to you.” While this is a valid argument, what are we teaching our students when we approach texts in these lenses?
“The central premise of disciplinary literacy is the mentoring of students to examine, question, organize and interact with the world through a variety of different disciplinary lenses. The goals assume that teachers of a disciplines are at least to a moderate extent, insiders.” As a future teacher, I’m scared to teach my content, and I haven’t realized this fear until my methods of teaching math classes. There is a difference in passing a class and fully comprehending all the ins-and-outs. Why are things the way they are? Can I truly model what is happening in this equation? Being fully literate is an extremely important part of teaching now, especially, if we want to teach literacy ourselves. This is why we are math majors with education minors (or whatever the case may be). Either way we need to be literate in both our area of expertise and education. This legitimizes the profession, but puts a lot of pressure on new incoming teachers. Which goes back to my other questions. Do I actually know why things work the way they work? What if I don’t know how to ask the right questions? How can I ensue my students will become critical thinkers?
At the end of the day all of these questions will be answered, and eventually, after years of teaching, we will all find our confidence in ourselves not only in our discipline, but as teachers in general.
It truly is the small things that make an impact.






19 comments:

  1. Great post Kiley. To answer your first question student engagement with texts outside the classroom, I think it is to do it in a way that they can relate to. For example, what I have seen in the several classrooms I have observed in, teachers will present a news article that appears to be outlandish, or just blatantly false. From this, and the skills that are developed to determine the source as not credible (headline, language, boas, etc), one can do outside research by looking at multiple sources discussing the same story, and analyze/critique the piece by looking at similarities and differences. When doing this, try to make it fun so students can have fun and engage, so making your own news article headline would be what I recommend.
    Now, to answer your questions/concerns on answering student questions of why things are the way they are, I believe that you do not need to make it your top priority to know all the details and specifics on why things are the way they are. I think, that properly modeling/explaining everything the "main idea," students will get this illusion that "that is just how things are" and they will just come to accept it as a fact, making it easier for them to understand it this way. Obviously, this does not improve literacy, since students want to try and cut corners, but I think that in a subject such as math, it is unnecessary to show a proof of an equation at the high school level.

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    1. While I agree that students do not need to know every single proof, I think they should understand some basics and be able to make connections. Why do we multiply in this equation as opposed to divide or add? How does this math make sense? I don't think it's enough to just say that's just the way it is, but I also agree that you don't need to provide proofs for every single thing.

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  2. Great post again. It is definitely going to be a challenge teaching in the future and you're right in pointing out that there is a big difference in understanding the material of the class and just passing the class. I feel that most of the students we will be teaching will fall into the latter category. Our goal is to make sure that they achieve the former. And we need to teach them in a way that is content specific to the class. Something that I've noticed throughout my observations are teachers (at least the good teachers) connecting the content to current events to make the class more interesting and to increase student engagement. In a civics class I was observing, the teacher started the class by discussing the top political news story of the day and tied that into the content that he had planned to teach for the day. Right away, he got the class' attention and I felt he was able to teach more effectively.
    And you wrote that you think Buehl is saying "you don’t need all the information, just the information that is most helpful to you." I think that there is so meaning to this, but it depends on what you are teaching. I think that if the class is an AP or honors class, then this wouldn't make as much sense. Those classes seem to be more content heavy, although there has been a shift to more ideas based teaching than content heavy teaching. I think you're correct to say that we will eventually know the answers to these questions through our experiences teaching. Improving students reading is difficult, especially when students aren't engaged. Hopefully the strategies we've used in class will help us out. But don't take the Buehl book as gospel. There are other books and strategies that we've yet to read and maybe we will create our own strategies.

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    1. I would ask, what really makes an honors or AP class any different than a regular classroom? Are the regular classes not able to understand as much as the honors? I don't think that's true at all. But I appreciate your reassurance and ideas that suggest Buehl's strategies are not the end all be all.

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  3. Thanks for your post,

    I completely agree with you when you say that the way we word things as teachers is important. For example, if we downplay the importance of a reading by minimizing its purpose to just a grade, students will only be extrinsically motivated to complete the assignment and will have little incentive to actually meaningfully engage with the text. If we put it in students' minds that the text is important in a context outside of their grades, I think this can go a long way in facilitating meaningful engagement with the texts, even outside of the classroom. Like you said in your post, "There is a difference in passing a class and fully comprehending all the ins-and-outs," the latter idea of which can be emphasized when students meaningfully engage with a text.

    Also, I believe it is good that you are asking yourself those types of questions at the end of your post. While us teachers may not have the answers to all of these questions just yet, constantly thinking about them is important, as well as being cognizant of what we know and what we don't know.

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    1. I like that you added to stray away from making the reading very grade based. Like you said, it simply makes the students extrinsically motivated and takes away from the importance of literacy.

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  4. Great post.
    "There is a difference in passing a class and fully comprehending all the ins-and-outs." I feel this is a very important point that many teachers do not fully understand. Since many teachers fail to see if they are successfully teaching their discipline, they then end up failing to teach anything of significants to the students. A good way of fixing this is trying to connect the lesson to something in the students lives. Then, that captures the students focus, and they tend to pay attention more.

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  5. Thanks Kiley, this was an interesting read. I think that a lot of the modeling we do for students isn't just how to approach a text in the moment, but also how to think about the text's overall worth. I agree with you and Buehl that our attitudes towards a subject area affect the way we think about its texts and therefore our literacy in that discipline.
    This actually relates a lot to what I've been telling my friends about how much I'm genuinely enjoying grad school. I received my Bachelors from a Jesuit university that preached well-roundedness, so I had to take many classes that I determined unnecessary to my life or career: 6 credits theology and 6 credits philosophy, to name a few. On the other hand, every course I take now at UIC is directly related to my future career or chosen subject, so I approach assignments with a genuine enthusiasm. In retrospect, there are ways that I could have thought of the material in these "unnecessary" classes as relevant to my life. For example, I still draw connections between geopolitical events of the Middle East and my Biblical Heritage class. Maybe if that relevance had been modeled for me (maybe by the teacher bringing in news for us to look at), I would have improved my literacy. We should apply this lesson to our classrooms.

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    1. I agree that it is hard to keep students engaged when they can't see the relationship to them or their future. I think, as you have shown in your own example, there is always some lesson to be taken from a text you engage with.

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  6. Hi Kiley thank you for the post this week. I think the idea that different subjects have different literacy strategies is very unique. When reading for History, I can very often skim and still have a good enough understanding of the reading. This differs from my abilities in reading math where I must read every detail multiple times to fully grasp it. I also agree that the way we word things as teacher is of the utmost importance. If we frame questions in a confusing way, it will confused the students. If we downplay the importance of an assignment they will act accordingly.

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    1. I believe students will rise to the occasion and the standards you give them. If you give them meaningful texts they will find the meaning from them, much like everyone has been commenting.

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  7. I think that the point you brought up about the using reading vs. doing reading was one of the most interesting of the texts that we examined. We so often reward students for doing school instead of using school. Doing school is knowing what to say, going about the routine, raising your hand in class etc. However, instead we should look at school as a practical and usable thing for the students and encourage them to look at it the same way. If we encourage students to view reading less like a chore and more like an opportunity, we should begin to see greater participation from our students in the classroom.

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    1. In mathematics teachers often hear, "when am I ever going to use this?" Even one of my teaching of English friends told me, teaching math is easier because all we need to do is teach them numbers and formulas as opposed to the other disciplines who actually need to teach their students to think. I was really offended by this, but I think it further proves a point the point you are making. I like to think most people know that mathematics is more than just memorizing formulas and punching out numbers, rather it assists with our logical thinking. I hope one day to show this to my students and others that while you may not use the unit circle every day, you will use the ratios you learned (be able to apply your own ratios and see patterns) and can think about answers in different shapes/ways of thinking (there are many ways to formulate the unit circle). That being said, it is really hard to get students to think that way.

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  8. Great post, thanks for sharing!
    Throughout the semester we have been learning how to integrate literacy into various disciplines. Though it is hard for me to ansewer all of your questions, I highly agree your words that "there are certain reading styles in every discipline." From my point of view, each discipline should have different teaching methods and teachers should integrate literacy into their own discipline. As educators, we should encourage our students to question the text both in school and outside school, because we are not only teach them how to read, but more important, we are are helping them acquire an ability.

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    1. I agree that we must emphasize the skills they are learning as opposed to the content.

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  9. Thank you for sharing! I totally agree with you when you talk about knowing everything that is going on. I have this same concern. Maybe I am understanding something completely different than the way students are understating, then how can explain the problem? or maybe students pick up on some concepts I haven't noticed before.
    To answer your question about asking the right questions, I think understanding student work is very important. I think if we are able to understand their work and how they are thinking about the problem, that could help with knowing the right questions to ask.

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  10. Thank you for wording my worries as a future math teacher. It's truly a daunting task when, even in the teaching of strategies class, we are told that there aren't many ways to teach math. Every other strategy presentation has said for math "we don't know how this applies for math so just forget about it" and the whole class laughs, but deep down inside it makes me scared. How do I know if I'm asking the right questions if I don't even know how to teach math using multiple strategies. I echo your worries and empathize with the struggle. We will get better and learn how to have power and confidence in our subject to teach it. Thinking about this causes a lot of self examination in what we actually know and how we are going to teach something if we aren't sure we even actually know the discipline or not.

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  11. Thank you for your sharing. “Doing reading” versus “using reading.”that is interesting. I am interested in you know you should work to change your thinking, but we too must change our students thinking.Change our thinking need some time, but how should we change students' thinking? That really need some time to practice.

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  12. This weeks readings were really interesting for me as well and I think that you engaged with some important points. Metacognition plays a HUGE role in reading and in students' desire to read. I agree that "using the reading" is a better way to phrase the assignment than "doing the reading." However, I think it is problematic to simply pick out a few select points and not read through a text thoroughly. I know that in college there is an enormous amount of reading that is required of students, but in high school the reading load should be much less and I hope that we can frame reading in a way that motivates students to want complete it. Perhaps, annotations although this has its own problems as a strategy.

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